Kata Kunci
MSME Risk
Multidimensional Analysis
Risk Faktor
Local Economic
Abstrak
This research investigates and maps potential risks for Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Majene Regency, analyzing aspects of Human Resources (HR), capital, production, marketing, and law/legality. MSMEs are crucial to the regional economy , but they often face significant risks that hinder growth. This problem is worsened by a lack of spatial understanding of these vulnerabilities , which makes government interventions and development initiatives less effective. This study aims to spatially model and map MSME risks by integrating multidimensional factor analysis with WebGIS. The methodology involves four stages: (1) acquiring primary and secondary data related to the five risk dimensions; (2) using descriptive statistical and cluster analysis to categorize MSMEs; (3) applying risk factor scoring and weighting analysis to determine potential risk levels ; and (4) developing spatial modeling and GIS for risk visualization. The research results in a classification of MSMEs based on risk levels (high, medium, low), which is presented on a WebGIS platform to allow interactive spatial visualization. The findings are intended to provide a basis for more informed decision-making in the development of MSMEs in Majene Regency.
Referensi
Achmad, A. D., Arief, A. S., Din, D., Rusli, Muh., & Rajib, F. M. (2022). Sistem informasi geografis umkm bahan makanan dan pangan bagi masyarakat dalam menghadapi new normal. Jurnal Saintekom (Sain, Teknologi, Komputer Dan Manajemen), 12(1), 103–114. https://doi.org/10.33020/saintekom.v12i1.257
Ahmad, S. A., & Teo, P.-C. (2024). The Implementation of Enterprise Risk Management (ERM) Frameworks in Small and Medium Enterprises (SMES): A Literature Review. International Journal of Academic Research in Business & Social Sciences, 14(9). https://doi.org/10.6007/ijarbss/v14-i9/22353
Aini, N. K., & Pribadi, C. B. (2021). WebGIS Berbasis Leaflet JS Untuk Pemetaan Persebaran Usaha Mikro Di Kabupaten Nganjuk. https://doi.org/10.12962/j23373539.v10i2.81054
Al Attqia, A. A., Arifudin, A., Jamaludin, Moh. H., Haikal, T. F., & Bayhaqi, R. (2024). Analisis Pengembangan Usaha Kecil dan Menengah di Lingkungan Berpenghasilan Rendah. Jurnal Ekonomi Dan Pembangunan Indonesia. Semarang, 2(2), 264–271. https://doi.org/10.61132/jepi.v2i2.591
Aprilia, N., Subroto, W. T., & Sakti, N. C. (2025). The Role of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in Supporting the People’s Economy in Indonesia. International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation, XI(XII), 368–376. https://doi.org/10.51244/ijrsi.2024.11120036
Aprudi, S., & Murahman, M. (2022). Sistem Informasi Geografis Pemetaan Umkm Di Kota Lubuklinggau Berbasis Web. Intecoms, 5(2), 180–185. https://doi.org/10.31539/intecoms.v5i2.4888
Atemoagbo, O. P., Abdullahi, A., & Siyan, P. (2024). Cluster Analysis of MSMES In Suleja, Nigeria: Insights From Fuzzy C-Means Clustering And T-SNE Visualizations. 1–9. https://doi.org/10.18535/mej/v2023.03
Ayu, C. S., & Novio, R. (2023). Pola sebaran usaha mikro kecil menengah (umkm) kuliner kemasan khas minang di kota padang berbasis webgis. Jurnal Buana. https://doi.org/10.24036/buana.v7i2.3130
Aziz, A., Pangestuti, D. C., & Hidayati, S. (2024). Pengaruh Risiko terhadap Pertumbuhan Usaha Mikro, Kecil, dan Menengah (UMKM). Riset Dan Jurnal Akuntansi. https://doi.org/10.33395/owner.v8i2.2062
Badan Pusat Statistik Indonesia. (2024). Profil Industri Mikro dan Kecil 2023 (Vol. 14). Diakses dari https://web-api.bps.go.id/Profil Industri Mikro dan Kecil.
Ciocoiu, C. N., Radu, C., Colesca, S. E., & Prioteasa, A. (2024). Exploring the link between risk management and performance of MSMEs: A bibliometric review. Journal of Economic Surveys. https://doi.org/10.1111/joes.12664
Crovini, C. (2019). Risk Management in Small and Medium Enterprises. https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/mono/10.4324/9780429276316/risk-management-small-medium-enterprises-chiara-crovini
Deril, V. E. Y. (2023). The Development Pattern of The Gowa-Maros New City as an Edge City Based on GIS (Geographic Information System). Jurnal Info Sains: Informatika Dan Sains, 13(03), 998–1004. Retrieved from https://ejournal.seaninstitute.or.id/index.php/InfoSains/article/view/3612
Deskys, T. R. (2023). Analisis faktor yang mempengaruhi resiko bisnis pada usaha mikro kecil dan menengah. Fonduri de Investiţii, 12(3), 1045. https://doi.org/10.34127/jrlab.v12i3.1071
Evanita, S., & Fahmi, Z. (2023). Analysis of Challenges and Opportunities for Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in the Digital Era in a Systematic Literature Review. https://doi.org/10.32503/jmk.v8i3.4190
Fomichev, A. N. (2024). Socio-economic characteristics of small enterprises in the aspect of risky circumstances. Социология и Право, 16(2), 234–242. https://doi.org/10.35854/2219-6242-2024-2-234-242
Gupta, A., Mahalakshmi, S., Garg, M. L., Kulshrestha, S., & Goswami, R. (2024). Elevating the profitability of small and medium enterprises: Systematic review on risk management principles. Multidisciplinary Reviews, 6, 2023ss098. https://doi.org/10.31893/multirev.2023ss098
Hadi, D. P., Widodo, S., Purnamasari, I., & Handayani, P. M. (2022). MSME Cluster Development Strategy Become a Leading Product Tegalrejo Jatijajar Village, Bergas District, Semarang Regency Based on Collaborative. KnE Social Sciences. https://doi.org/10.18502/kss.v7i14.11981
Handoyo, J., Marahendra, W. D., Al Amin, I. H., & Nafiah, K. (2024). Perancangan sig umkm blora berbasis geojso dan google maps. Jurnal Teknologi Informasi Dan Komunikasi, 15(2), 287–295. https://doi.org/10.51903/jtikp.v15i2.880
Huda, M. H. A., Zulkarnaini, Z., Meiliza, M., & Aglasia, A. (2024). Desain dan pengembangan sistem informasi berbasis website untuk promosi produk unggulan umkm di tulang bawang barat. Jurnal Sistem Informasi Dan Manajemen Basis Data, 7(1), 68–78. https://doi.org/10.30873/simada.v7i1.439
Irawan, A., & Sukiyono, K. (2021). The role of small and medium enterprises (sme) on the economy. https://doi.org/10.53625/ijss.v1i4.743
Jikrillah, S., Said, L. R., Swandari, F., Firdaus, R., Widyarfendhi, W., & Ziyad, M. (2024). Keberlanjutan UMKM Berdasarkan Potensi Risiko Dan Perlakuan Risiko Di Daerah Lahan Basah Kota Banjarmasin. Inobis, 7(3), 370–378. https://doi.org/10.31842/jurnalinobis.v7i3.326
Juminawati, S., Hamid, Abd., Amalia, E., Mufraini, M. A., & Mulazid, A. S. (2021). The Effect of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises on Economic Growth. 4(3), 5697–5704. https://doi.org/10.33258/BIRCI.V4I3.2368
Kaluge, D. (2023). Challenges Faced by SMEs and Cooperatives in Implementing Digital Technology: A Literature Review. https://doi.org/10.11594/futscipress1
Kwartati, F., Maupa, H., & Cahyadi, H. (2024). Challenges and Strategic Approaches in SME Internationalization: A Literature Review. Proceedings of The International Conference on Business and Economics, 2(1), 298–308. https://doi.org/10.56444/icbeuntagsmg.v2i1.2085
Lenaini, I. (2021). Teknik pengambilan sampel purposive dan snowball sampling. Historis: Jurnal Kajian, Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pendidikan Sejarah, 6(1), 33–39.
Muhyi, M. (2018). Metodologi penelitian. Adi Buana University Press.
Musthafa, I., Elfindri, E., Anas, Y., & Ariyanto, E. (2024). Human capital and performance of micro, small and medium enterprises: a literature review. CASHFLOW CURRENT ADVANCED RESEARCH ON SHARIA FINANCE AND ECONOMIC WORLDWIDE. https://doi.org/10.55047/cashflow.v3i2.1028
Nawangsari, L. C., Siswanti, I., & Soelton, M. (2023). Human resources management strategy for business sustainability in msmes. International Conference on Community Development. https://doi.org/10.33068/iccd.v5i1.599
Nurlaili, E., Aprilianti, A., Kasmawati, K. K., Oktaviana, S., & Nurhasanah, S. (2024). Protection for Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises Based on Indonesian Law. International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding. https://doi.org/10.18415/ijmmu.v11i5.5710
Obstáculos al desarrollo de las pequeñas y medianas empresas en el cantón La Concordia. (2023). 4(E1), 270–295. https://doi.org/10.55813/gaea/ccri/v4/ne1/97
Pemerintah Daerah Provinsi Sulawesi Barat. (2023). Buku Data Statistik Sektoral Sulbar 2023. Diakses dari https://kominfo.sulbarprov.go.id/download/buku-data-statistik-sektoral-sulbar-2023/
Prayuda, I. P. S. A., Basit, A., Zahari, Y. K., & Sakti, R. A. (2024). Peluang dan Tantangan Pengembangan Usaha Mikro Kecil Menengah (UMKM) dari Berbagai Aspek Ekonomi. Economic Reviews Journal, 3(3). https://doi.org/10.56709/mrj.v3i3.528
Ptak-Chmielewska, A., & Chłoń-Domińczak, A. (2021). Spatial Conditions Supporting Sustainable Development of Enterprises on Local Level. Sustainability, 13(4), 2292. https://doi.org/10.3390/SU13042292
Puntoriza, P., & Fibriani, C. (2020). Analisis Persebaran UMKM Kota Malang Menggunakan Cluster K-means. 5(1), 86–94. https://doi.org/10.33633/JOINS.V5I1.3469
Roren, Y., Puan, A., Bonamanobing, R., & Alviansha, A. (2025). The Role of Microfinance Institutions in Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMES): a Case Study of Budi Gadai. International Journal of Education, Social Studies, and Management, 5(1), 153–160. https://doi.org/10.52121/ijessm.v5i1.608
Salsabillah, W., Hafizzallutfi, N., Azizah, U., Tarissyaa, T., & Fathona, M. (2023). The role of micro, small, and medium enterprises (msmes) in supporting the indonesian economy. https://doi.org/10.59066/ijoms.v2i2.339
Saputra, A., & Sahputra, R. A. (2023). Penentuan Kluster UMKM Sektor Perdagangan dan Perikanan Melalui Pendekatan Metode Clustering Data Mining di Kabupaten Aceh Barat. Journal of Optimization. https://doi.org/10.35308/jopt.v9i2.8463
Saputra, Y., Sucipto, S., & Insani, R. W. S. (2024). Model WebGIS Menggunakan Metode Scoring Untuk Klasifikasi Tingkat Rawan Kebakaran Hutan di Kalimantan Barat. Progresif: Jurnal Ilmiah Komputer. https://doi.org/10.35889/progresif.v20i1.1692
Satria, E., Cahyana, R., Bachtiar, Y., & Fatimah, D. D. S. (2021). Development of geographic information systems for Small and Medium Enterprise centres. 1098(3), 032090. https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/1098/3/032090
Sinha, K. J., Sinha, S., & Sinha, B. J. (2024). Micro, Small, and Medium-Sized Enterprises (MSMEs): The Significant Role and Challenges in Indonesia’s Economy. International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research, 6(3). https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2024.v06i03.20824
Sirait, E., Sugiharto, B. H., Abidin, J., Padang, N. S., & Putra, J. E. (2024). Peran UMKM dalam Meningkatkan Kesejahteraan Perekonomian di Indonesia. El-Mal, 5(7). https://doi.org/10.47467/elmal.v5i7.4160
Supriyanto, A., Basukianto, B., & Rozaq, J. A. (2017). Classification of SME and Potential Areas Based on Map as Economic Development Strategy (Klasterisasi UMKM dan Potensi Wilayah Berbasis Peta Sebagai Strategi Pengembangan Ekonomi Daerah). 2(2), 143–150. https://doi.org/10.30818/JPKM.2017.2020204
Гельвих, М. В., Халяпина, О. Г., Козюбро, Т. И., Сафронова, Я. М., & Арутюнова, А. А. (2020). Theoretical and methodological aspects of risk assessment of small enterprises. Экономика и Предпринимательство, 2(115), 741–745. https://doi.org/10.34925/eip.2020.115.2.147
Wang, Z. (2023). Digital Transformation and Risk Management for SMEs: A Systematic Review on Available Evidence. Advances in Economics, Management and Political Sciences. https://doi.org/10.54254/2754-1169/65/20231639
Willem, W., Dinan, D., & Elliyana, E. (2024). The Impact of Digital Economy on MSME Growth in Rural Areas: A Qualitative Study on E-Commerce and Fintech. Journal of Production, Operations Management and Economics, 46, 88–100. https://doi.org/10.55529/jpome.46.88.100
Wulandari, N., Tambuh, B., Herdayani, F., & Rahayu, Y. (2023). Development strategy for micro, small and medium enterprises of palembang city. MARGINAL JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING GENERAL FINANCE AND INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC ISSUES. https://doi.org/10.55047/marginal.v3i1.915
Artikel ini berlisensiCreative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Hak Cipta (c) 2026 Virda Evi Yanti Deril, Astinawaty, Rafid Mahful, Laode Muh. Asfan Muhajid Mujahid, Hamdan Khatiran, Nurhalisa